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Copyright, 1922, 
by the 

HERCULES POWDER COMPANY 




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D YNAMITE- 
THEN EW 

■m 

* 

ALADDIN’S LAMP 

r • * . t *'v * v * ( i 

By T. W. BACCHUS 

TICE PRESIDENT, HERCULES POWDER CO. 


* N . ' ' * 

Reprihted from The Hercules Mixer for 
April and May, 1922 . 

X 

*■' «• 3f.. *. 



PUBLISHED BY THE 

HERCULES POWDER CO. 


W HEN THE title of this article was suggested to 
me I immediately recognized the appropriateness 
of the metaphor. Ala’ddin’s lamp, when rubbed, gave 
its owner anything he desired—silver, gold, precious 
stones, fine buildings, and fair gardens. Dynamite also 
does the bidding of man and causes Nature’s vast stores 
to yield their treasures. 

B EFORE WE consider dynamite as one of the great¬ 
est irfstruments of progress, I would have you look 
at the world, arid especially our own country, twenty 
years prior to the advent of dynamite as the servant of 
mankind. This continent had been disco ve red since 


The decorations on pages 8, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9, 
are from W. H. Rochleau s Transportation, 
published by the A. Flanagan Co., Chicago. 



















I49 2 » Yet after a span of over three hundred and fifty 
years we find that the means of transportation were ex¬ 
ceedingly crude, that a journey of a hundred miles was 
an event and required more exertion and expense than 
a journey of a thousand miles does today. Why was 
this? Merely because the development of the country 
had not provided the means of travel up to that time. 
Transportation conditions were backward to a degree 
that can scarcely be appreciated today. In i860, for in¬ 
stance, there was a total of thirty thousand miles of rail¬ 
way in operation in the United States—this, notwith^ 
standing the fact that successful operation of railroads 
had been conceded both here and in Europe* for some 
time previous. These railroads were scattered over the 
Eastern and Middle Western States and were not in con¬ 
tinuous lines. There was no railroad to Pittsburgh in 
the forties; if one wished to travel from Philadelphia he 
took a boat from there down the Delaware River and * 
into the Chesapeake Bay to the mouth of the Susque¬ 
hanna River; thence by smaller craft on this river he 
reached Harrisburg, and from there he travelled by 
canal to the foot of the mountains. He was then trans¬ 
ported over the mountains on an incline railroad operated 
by cable. His journey was finally completed by canal 
boat. This was but one of many arduous routes. , 



EW ENGLAND, over two hundred and twenty- 
^ five years after the arrival of the Pilgrims, was 
just as bad in regard to travel conditions as were Penn¬ 
sylvania and Ohio. Boats could be takeh from Boston 
but a tedious outside passage was involved with time an 
unknown factor depending largely upon the wind and 
the weather. Travelers generally preferred the single- . 
track railroad to Springfield; thence they proceeded, if 
not prevented by ice, to Hartford, by way of the Con¬ 
necticut River. If ice conditions were bad, they took a 
coach which, in wet weather, often required twelve hours 
to cover the twenty-six miles. From Hartford they went 
by rail to Bridgeport, where they took a steam packet 


[ 2 ] 


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for New York. Such a journey must have been exces¬ 
sively tiresome and was not conducive of much travel. 
The only long trips anyone in those days would under¬ 
take were for business, never for pleasure. 

‘V r ' T •>£'’■' . ' 

> »* V 

COULD GI VE a fuller account of the early means of 
, transportation; of the country with its miles and 

miles of forests; of the 
large acreage from 
which the trees had 
been cut, leaving a 
never-ending array of 
stumps, always a 
weary handicap to 
proper cultivation; of 
the condition of the 
highways in every sec¬ 
tion; and from this 
description there is only one conclusion which could be 
drawn: that the country was in a backward condition 
as to material advancement and that such backwardness 
was more or less common all over the world—why ? Was 
it that we lacked the skill? We can hardly say that, be¬ 
cause some of the greatest philosophers, greatest scien¬ 
tists, greatest engineers, statesmen, musicians, painters, 
explorers, orators, and authors, the world has ever 
known had lived during these years of suspended phy¬ 
sical development. 

A SK MANY people to what our great progress is 
> principally due; they will probably enumerate a 
number of things: the steam engine, the telegraph, and 
what not. Few indeed would ever mention dynamite, 
which is the greatest of all. 




HE MINING of gold, silver, and presumably cop¬ 
per, is very ancient. Even back in biblical times 
Job mentions that iron and gold and silver were mined. 
Precious stones were also obtained. We know, too, that 


[ 3 1 



















gold was mined by Solomon in Ophir and was trans- 

E orted for the embellishment of the temple. We do not 
now how this mining was done; there may have been 
explosives in those days, the record of which has been 
lost. The first steam engine, a crude turbine, was in¬ 
vented and used by Hero, of Alexandria, Egypt, in 130 
B. C. From that time no improvements are recorded 
until the 17th century and commercial use awaited the 
perfecting hand of Watt in 1763. Inventions made in 
ancient times have remained for us to fully exploit. 

The rocks forming Hell Gate at the entrance from 
New York Harbor into Long Island Sound had been a 
hinderance to navigation for centuries; in fact, they 
rendered this safe inside passage useless for most ves¬ 
sels. It was most desirable to have these rocks removed 
and Congress in 1832 appropriated money to commence 
the work. The task was found to be impracticable, how¬ 
ever, and not until the advent of dynamite and nitro¬ 
glycerin could it be accomplished. The Hell Gate 
rocks are a dream of the past and now through this en¬ 
trance the finest coasting steamers pass and repass in 
a never-ending stream, without the many persons who 
travel this route ever so much as dreaming that their 
safe and comfortable voyage was made possible for 
them by explosives. 

This is only one 
of the obstruct¬ 
ions to safe navi¬ 
gation and agree¬ 
able travel that 
had to wait on the 
magic workman 
—dynamite. 


M 



T THE BE¬ 
GINNING 







of this paper I told you that rubbing Aladdin’s lamp 
would give its owner silver, gold, precious stones, fine 
buildings, and fair gardens. Now, how has dynamite— 





















the new Aladdin’s lamp—accomplished these things? 
Take silver, for instance. In i860 we in the United 
States produced 61,880 ounces. In 1870, after dynamite 
had come into use, we produced ten million ounces. In 
1880 we produced thirty million ounces. In 1890 we 
produced fifty-five million ounces. Did rubbing Alad¬ 
din’s lamp ever give anything like this ? Think what the 
production of all this wealth means to the country, to 
the miners and their families, and to the merchants and 
manufacturers who supply th'e wants of all those en¬ 
gaged in this and every other business. 

TTVaKE GOLD, the idol of many, the standard of 
H* value for all stable countries, the dream of the al¬ 
chemist, and the metal sought after in all parts of the 
world. In i860 we produced two and one-half millions 
~of ounces, chiefly from placer mines by hydraulic min¬ 
ing. This had dropped to seven hundred thousand oun¬ 
ces in 1890, but by 1900 it had risen to four million, 
eight hundred thousand ounces, and had it not been 
for the war a still larger quantity would have been pro¬ 
duced. But our stores are now being conserved for a 
more propitious time, when gold mining will again be 
resumed and dynamite, the key to all these treasure 
stores, will again outdo Aladdin’s lamp of old. 

N OW, LET US take the baser metals, which have 
entered even to a greater extent than the preci¬ 
ous metals in the advancement of our material pros¬ 
perity and wealth. In 1869, we produced in the United 
States seventy-two hundred tons of refined copper, 
which means that there were produced approximately 
seventy-two thousand tons of copper ore; it was not 
economical with the crude methods then infuse to mine 
any but high-grade ores. As you know, dynamite was 
made available for mining in 1867, and it , took some 
time to convince miners and mine owners that it was 
both safe and profitable to use, but in 1870 we produced 
12,600 tons of refined copper; in 1880, 27,000 tons; in 










3saar 



1890, 115,966 tons; in 1900, 270,588 tons; in 1910, 282,- 
214 tons; and in 1920, 539,760 tons. The growth of the 
copper output in other parts of the world was equally 
as astonishing. It is to be remembered, moreover, that 
since about the year 
1905 new methods have 
been devised whereby 

low-grade copper ores z- 

are profitably mined and 
treated; this means that 

a greater tonnage of ore '* 

has to be handled to the ^ 

quantity of copper pro- 
duced. In 1920 the cop- 

E e,r ore mined in the 

United States would approximate the stupendous 
figure of eighteen million tons. Think of the labor 
this would have entailed without high explosives. I 
believe I can state positively that it could not have 
been done at all without the aid of dynamite. 


~fUST LET US STOP to consider what it has meant 
<§p to us, to the whole world, to have ha^l made avail¬ 
able such enormous quantities of this metal. The pro¬ 
duction of copper in the decade from 1911 to 1920, in¬ 
clusive, exceeded, I am quite sure, the total production 
from unrecorded time to 1900. It has made possible the 
extension of our telephone lines, now exceeding one mil¬ 
lion miles in the United,States; the extension of our 
telegraph lines; our trolley lines; the electric transmis¬ 
sion lines for carrying high-tension currents great dis¬ 
tances; the electrification of our railways; the electrifi¬ 
cation of most of our manufacturing plants; and the 
electric lines which carry the power to light the millions 
of homes in every hamlet, town, and city. Our comfort, 
our health, and our pleasure have all been served and 
enhanced by these blessings and we owe their availabil¬ 
ity to dynamite.. Just stop to think about this for a 
minute and you will fully realize its truth. 














4 

1 


O BACK to i860. The national method of light- , 
ing homes was tallow candles; later, oil became 
available and was depended upon for light in most 
homes. By 1871 to 1875, electric light had come into 
occasional use, but with extensive copper mining, the 
carrying of electric current was easy, the generation of 
^ electricity was easy; 

electricity’s general use 
for both power and light 
was not long delayed. 




OW WE COME 
to the most com¬ 
mon, the most used of 
all the baser metals— 
iron. Everyone in our 
day and in our civilized life is dependent upon iron for 
his comfort and convenience. It is absolutely essential 
to modern man’s activities. Our industrial operations 
are built upon it; it is required for construction of 
all kinds. Our transportation systems depend upon it, 
pur agricultural pursuits are more and more beholden 
to it, our shipping would be non-existent without it, our 
world as we know it would be doomed without it. No 
metal is so important. 

I N i860 the wqrld had not arrived at any such 
state of development that iron was so essential as 
it is today. We produced probably one-fifth of the 
world’s output in those days—2,873,460 tons. This was 
a huge quantity, considering the crude methods then 
employed v In 1870, three years after dynamite became 
obtainable, 3,831,891 tons were produced. Iron and 
steel began to be used for purposes which we consider 
more essential to our lives than ever before, greater 
quantities of machinery were built and used, steel ships 
were constructed, railroads were extended, bridges were 
built, more and,still more agricultural machinery was 

manufactured. This increased demand had the effect of 

. • * > * 


1 7 ] 














bringing the production up to 7,120,362 by 1880. It had 
grown to 16,036,043 tons by 1890 and to 27,553,000 tons 
by 1900. After this last date, structural steel came into 
use in the erection of office buildings and hotels, palaces 
in design and finish surpassing any palace brought into 
' existence by rubbing Aladdin’s lamp, and under the im¬ 
petus of this new demand came extensions of our rail¬ 
ways, both steam and electric, and additions to their 
equipment. Our national production grew to 57,014,906 
tons by 1910, and 67,773,000 tons by 1920. Such an in¬ 
crease can scarcely be appreciated. 

' \ ' — • 

F ALL the boons to mankind, we most of* 
all owe a debt of gratitude to dynamite for 

the power and energy 
• supplied in produc¬ 
ing such enormous quan¬ 
tities of this most useful 
metal. The ^ iron ore 
must be smelted before 
it is fit for use in the pro¬ 
duction of steel or other 
iron products. Think 
then of the additional 
tasks that dynamite 
must accomplish to pro¬ 
vide the millions of tons 
of limestone rock for flux. Could Aladdin’s Lamp do this ? 

L ET US LOOK back a few years. I remember in 
1893 there was a naval parade in New York, con¬ 
sisting of the ships of all the principal countries of the 
world, to celebrate the four hundredth anniversary of ~ 
the Discovery of America. I selected one of the highest 
buildings in New York at that time from which to view 
the pageant and obtained a seat on the roof of the Bab¬ 
bitt soap factory. Today, that building is so small in 
comparison with Other structures in New York that you 
can scarcely see it. Then there were no modern sky- 



[ 8 ] 





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scrapers. These became possible with the production of 
structural steel. There probably were not a dozen such 
buildings, exceeding ten stories high, in the whole 
United States. Today there are thousands upon thous¬ 
ands of them. How dould these have been built without 
the production of iron ore? Nor could we have had in 
the world today the fifty million dead-weight tons of 
steel ships, which carry the commerce of the world here, 
there, axid everywhere, and which make the products of 
'the frozen North available in tropic lands and the prod¬ 
ucts of the tropics available to the people of the North¬ 
ern lands. These blessings are not ordinarily attributed 
to dynamite; yet without its powerful aid we would be 
as far from their possession and enjoyment as our fore- 
fathers/were in the years gone before. 

AVING SPOKEN of transportation on the 
ocean, let us look at our means of transportation 
on the land. As I mentioned earlier in this article we 
had in the United States a total of slightly over 30,000 
miles of railway, not in continuous lines, in i860. Many 
links were missing, making journeys without changes 
and different modes of travel almost impossible in a trip 
of a few hundred miles. 

In 1870 the railways had 
been increased to 52,722 
miles; in 1880 to 93,267 
miles; in 1890, to 166,- 
677; in 1900, to-193,345 
miles; in 1910 to 240,43 8 
miles; and in 1920, to 
255,521 miles. Think of 
the rocks that had to be 
blasted, the tunnels 
bored and shot out, the 
fills made, the road-beds 
prepared. All this extension was made possible by 
dynamite. Before the time of this explosive, if the 
grade were too heavy for the locomotives, a cable 



[ 9 I 




1 


































v 





and a stationary engine were used to pull up the 
trains. There was no way to cut tunnels through 
solid rock. I think the first tunnel built with dyna¬ 
mite and nitroglycerin was the Hoosac Tunnel on the 
Boston and Albany Railroad. The work was well done 
and caused a revolution in the methods that had before 
been used in construction work of all kinds in this coun- v 
tty* The two tunnels that run under the Alps from 
Switzerland to Italy should also be mentioned. These , 
the Mt. Cenis and the St. Gothard—were possible 
because of the use of dynamite. The Severn Tunnel in 
England, running under the river Severn near its mouth, 
alid nine miles long, was another achievement of dyna¬ 
mite, the mighty workman of all mankind. 




ter, mad< 
manufac 
into a sea 
seen its : 
and down 
River mai 


namite. Its c 
would have 


ET US COME back to water transportation, par- 
_ ticularly the digging of canals. The ship canal 
.from the Mersey, near 

ool, to Manches-B ~ 

e an inland 
cturing town 
rt. I have 
ps pass up 
the Delaware 
times. This 

• <i i 


would 
possible without 
explosives. 


high 




I HE NEXT LARGE waterway and probably up 
JL t( ? t ^ lat thp piece of work of greatest import¬ 
ance for dynamite in this country was the Chicago 
drainage canal, cut for thirteen miles through solid rock 
down the divide between Lake Michigan and the Mis¬ 
sissippi River. This made a river that had emptied into 

Lake. Michigan flow into the canal and thence into the 
Mississippi. 



[ 10 ] 





f 





























EFORE THE building of this Chicago Canal, the 
production of dynamite in the United States did 
not total more than thirty or forty million pounds a 
year. Today, there is a capacity of about three hundred 
and fifty million pounds and a normal consumption of 
about two hundred, and fifty million pounds. 

EXT CAME the Panama Canal. This project is 
of such recent date that everyone knows more 
or less about it, but do not forget that dynamite was the 
chief workman. It was the greatest of all the factors that 
helped to carry this undertaking to its final success. 
Talk about Aladdin's old lamp. Nothing like the join¬ 
ing of two oceans had ever been dreamed of, in the time 
of Aladdin and the mythical Arabian, Nights.' 

OW AS TO highway transportation: You will re¬ 
call I mentioned a trip by coach from Springfield 
to Hartford City, twenty-six miles, which often took 
twelve hours. Now this road was no worse than the 
majority of roads which 
were then in existence 
in our country. Today, 
one can travel thousands 
of miles over well-made , 
highways with genuine 
comfort. Why? Be- 
causef road materials are 
obtainable in unlimited 
quantities by the aid of 
dynamite. The rock that is used in making the 
cement and the crushed rock that is mixed with the 
cement and sand to make the concrete are all pro¬ 
duced with dynamite. Just think of it! Some eighty- 
five million barrels of cement are obtained in a year in 
this country for building and highway construction 
purposes. Before dynamite was discovered, not a barrel 
of cement had been produced here and only a limited 
quantity in the whole world. The methods of obtain- 





[ 11 1 




i 

















ing the raw materials in those days was largely by 
dredging silt from rivers and creeks that flowed through 
land composed of chalky marls and chalk; but with 


the advent of dynamite the raw materials not thereto¬ 
fore available were obtained and cement became one of 
the greatest gifts to man. 



OAL HAD BEEN known to exist in the United 


V *-4 States since before the Declaration of Independ¬ 
ence. In the first two decades of the last century twenty 
thousand tons were mined and by i860 the yearly out¬ 
put was slightly less than fifteen million tons. It was 
hard indeed to open up mines where shafts had to be 
sunk and entries driven through rock without dynamite. 
This explains the limited production. Now let us see 
how coal fared after high explosives got on the job.- In 
1870, thirty-three million tons were produced; in 1880, 
seventy-one and one-half million tons; in 1890, 193,- 
117,000 tons; in 1900, 269,684,000; in 1910 over five 
hundred million tons; and in 1920 about six hundred 
and fifty million tons. 

I HINK OF IT! Less than a hundred years ago the 
A principal fuel, dQmestic, manufacturing, and 
transportation, was 


wood; today it is coal. 
Coal was there for the 
taking, but, alas, the 
key for unlocking these 
vast stores had not then 
been found. With the 
advent of d}mamite, a 
production incompara¬ 
bly greater than any 
other country’s resulted. 




ARLIER IN this 
article, I referred 


to the miles and miles of country covered with un 
















i 


sightly tree stumps. I must pay a tribute to the 
success with which this land has been cleared with dy¬ 
namite. The American farmer, who is sometimes 
classed as slow, readily accepted what has been 
\tery aptly called the new farm hand . The 
states of Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana, originally 
forests, had thousands of square miles of stump 
land. Enormous areas were cleared with dynamite 
and today no better, -more productive, and more thor- 
„ oughly cultivated land can be found in the United 
States. What those farmers did in the jo’s and Bo’s is 
a standing example for the farmer of this country today. 

I MIGHT continue indefinitely, bringing informa¬ 
tion as to how many cities in this and other coun¬ 
tries have had their sewers dug with dynamite, their 
water and gas mains installed, and how they have 
brought water long distances from the source of supply. 
All wonderful projects, boons to thousands of people, 
and all made easy by the availability of dynamite; I 
could also tell you of hydro-electric undertakings which 
have been completed and the part played in their con¬ 
struction by dynamite. I could also write at length 
upon the irrigation projects which have played such a 

large part in convert¬ 
ing barren wastes into 
fruitful farms, orchards, 
gardens, cotton fields, 
and orange and citron 
groves; for wherever you „ 
turn your opened eyes 
you see the handiwork 
of dynamite. , 

I N CONCLUSION, 

. I wish to impress you 
with these facts, all of 
them well worth re¬ 
membering and thinking about: \ 


[ 13 ] 
























,1 


1 


The art of mining gold, silyer, iron, and copper, 
was known as far back as the days of Job and King 
Solomon. 

The steam engine is an ancient invention, having 

been used in 130 B. C. 

As-iron, copper, and steam are among the most 
important elements of our material success today,* 
how does it happen that we had to wait thousands 
of years for their full development? What caus¬ 
ed a hiatus that historians too often fail to see or for 
which they do not offer a solution? 

I T IS EXPLAINABLE: Because without high ex¬ 
plosives the amount of iron that could be obtained 
was extremely limited. This is also true of copper. The 
steam engine could not be fully developed and exploited 
without unlimited quantities of iron and copper and 
unlimited fuel for the generation of steam. 

It will be seen, therefore, that they all awaited the 
arrival of the super-force—dynamite, the greatest boon 
that has ever been created for overcoming the ob¬ 
stacles in Nature, and the masterpiece of the chemist’s 
art.. 















A 


itestM^for Burnmg Coed! 


Forbidden by royal proclamation 
and punished by hanging or im¬ 
prisonment, burning coal in London 
.was a risky undertaking during the 
reign of Edward I (1274 to 1307). 

“Sea-coale”, as it was called, was all 
that could be had. Picked from the 
outcrops where mining was ehsy, it 
was soft and crumbly. Dense smoke 
arose from fires fed with this coal. 
London was dirty enough, so the 
King forbade its use. 

With the coming of powder, coal mining 
became practical and profitable; better 
grades of coal were produced and prejudice 
against its use disappeared. Recently, in a 
single year, over five hundred million tons 


of bituminous coal and almost ninety mil¬ 
lion tons of anthracite were produced; and 
thirty eight million pounds of Hercules Ex¬ 
plosives were consumed by the coal mines 
of the United States. 

Today, industry is dependent upon coal. 
With the aid of explosives, civilization’s 
requirements are supplied. The problem 
now is not to find uses for coal, but to avoid 
all possible waste in its production'. 

A paper on the Scientific Selection of Ex¬ 
plosives for Coal Mining, read at the last 
annual meeting of the Coal Mining Insti¬ 
tute of America, contains information that 
may help you to eliminate waste in blasting 
and to produce a more profitable product. 
Write for a free copy to our Advertising 
Department, King Street, Wilmington, 
Delaware. 



COMPJLWY 




Allentown, Pol 
Birmingham, Ala. 
Buffalo, N. Y. 
Chattanooga, Term. 


Chicago, lit 
Denver, Colo. 
Duluth, Minn. 


Hazleton, Pa. 
Huntington, W. Va. 
Joplin, Mo. 

Los Angeles, CaL 


Louisville, Ky. - Pittsburgh, Pa. 
New York City PottsviUe, Pa. 
Norristown, Pa. St. Louis, Mo. 
Pittsburg, Kan. 


Salt Lake Cicy, Utah 
San Francisco, Cat 
Wtlkesbarre, Pa. 
Wilmington, Del. 


h 



















Joreakin 


re-8 


The ancients “blasted” by fire-setting— 
slow, laborious, dangerous, and ineffectual. 


of 5 feet per month in headings was often 

considered go«d. 


Describing Hannibal’s crossing the Alps in 
218 B. C., Livy says: “The cliff heated By 
fire was broken by iron tools so that not 
only the beaks of burden but also x the 
elephants could be led down.” 


With Permissible explosives for sinking 
shafts and slopes, driving headings and 
also for blasting coal, more can be accom¬ 
plished in a shift than our ancient brethren 
could do in a month. 


In “De Re Metallica” (1546) Agricola ex¬ 
plains the early fire methods in detail—how 
the sticks were prepared; how these were 
piled against the face of the rock; how the 
fire softened or cracked the stone for a 
certain depth; and how water was some¬ 
times dashed on the heated rock which 
was shattered by the sudden and uneven 
cooling. Even as late as the 17th century, 
fire-setting was practised, and an advance 


Think of the greater safety also. A Pennsylvania 
mine using Hercules Red^H produced over 
360,000 tons of coal in one year without a single 
fatal accident. Another mining^ company has 
used over twenty-five' million pounds of Red H 
without an accident due to the explosive. 


Write to our Advertising Department, King 
Street, Wilmington, Delaware, for a booklet on 
“The Scientific Selection of Explosives for Coal 
Mining.” 


J® o TV JO E : 


AUeniown, Pa. Chicago, 111. Hazleton, Pa. 

Birmingham, Ala Denver, Colo. Huntmgton,W Va. 

Buffalo, N Y Duluth, Minn. Joplin, Mo 

Chattanooga, Tenn Los Angeles, Cal. 


mmh: 


Louisville, Ky. Pittsburgh, Pa. Salt Lake City, 

New York City Pottsvife, Pa. San Francisco, Co 

Norristown, Pa. St. Louis, Mo. Wilkes bane. Pa. 

Pittsburg, Kan. _ Wilmington, Dd. 















































Eighty thousand workman with the quar- 
rying tools of antiquity toiled in the subter¬ 
ranean quarries from which King Solomon 
obtained the pure white stone for his 
Temple—begun in 983 B. C. 

Channels, to mark the dimensions of the 
blocks, were grooved in the rock wall 
with picks, crudely fashioned of bronze. 
The Egyptian method of breaking out the 
rock was used: into a niche cut in the 
stone, a dry wooden wedge was pounded 
and water poured in upon it. The swell¬ 
ing of the wood forced out the block. 

The rough and smooth ashlar of which the 
Temple was built was worked down to the 
desired size in these caverns. Seven years 
were consumed in building the-Temple. 


At a recent blast in a Wisconsin quarry 
more than 250,000 torn of rock were ob¬ 
tained with the aid of 32,200 pounds of 
Hercules Dynamite, or about 8 tons of stone 
for each pound of explosive. 

King Solomon’s craftsmen labored for 
many days, at a cost that would paralyze 
modem industry, to accomplish what one 
pound of Hercules Dynamite will now do 
for you in a moment. 

But far as your costs are below those of 
King Solomon, you may be able to reduce 
them more. If interested, write to our 
Advertising Department, King Street, 
Wilmington, Delaware, for a booklet en¬ 
titled, “Volume vs. Weight”. 

/* 



C TILES 




AMeetewn. f«. 
B e «m wi >k arr>. Ala. 
feaSefo. N. Y. 

, Teen. 


CbJeape, IU. 
Ptirtw, Goto. 
iAtWw+i, Hu m. 


HmImm, Pa. 
Huntington, W. V*. 
Jo p lin. Mo. 

Loa AaadtsCal 


LoutcviHe, Ky. PUtat'ufKk. Pa. Salt Lake City, Utak 

New York City Poraville. Pa. San Franctyno, Cel. 

Notrtaaown. Pa. St. Lout*. Mo. Wtlkaaberre. Pa. 

Ptatabatrg. Kan. ’XMmtatptoo. Del. 


















LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 































